Index by labels

AIDS

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS


abdominal pain

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease
   3. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   4. A Simple Guide to Gallstones
   5. A Simple Guide to Gastritis
   6. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   7. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
   8. A Simple Guide to Paronychia
   9. A Simple Guide to Sciatica
  10. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis

abscess

   1. A Simple Guide to Impetigo

acid reflux

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease

acne

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne

Acne Rosacea

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne Rosacea

Acoustic neuroma

   1. A Simple Guide to Acoustic neuroma

Adenoiditis

   1. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis

Adenoids

   1. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis

Aedes mosquitoes

   1. A Simple Guide to Chikungunya Fever
   2. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever



alcohol

   1. A Simple Guide of Liver Cirrhosis II
   2. A Simple Guide to Liver Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Liver Cirrhosis I
   4. A Simple Guide to Pancreatic Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Pancreatitis

allergens

   1. A Simple Guide to Allergies
   2. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis

allergies

   1. A Simple Guide to Allergies

allergy

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema

alopecia

   1. A Simple Guide to Alopecia(Hair Loss)

alzeheimer's disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Alzheimer's disease

anaemia

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia
   2. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Dizziness
   4. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

anaerobic bacteria

   1. A Simple Guide to Bacterial Vaginosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Halitosis

analgesic

   1. A Simple Guide to Cystitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea
   3. A Simple Guide to Prostatitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Urethritis

androgens

   1. A Simple Guide to Amenorrhea

ankles

   1. A Simple Guide to Ankylosing Spondylosis

anopheles mosquito

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria

anovulation

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)

anti-diarrhoea

   1. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

anti-flatulent

   1. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

antibiotic

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Cervicitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis
   5. A Simple Guide to Sinusitis
   6. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis
   7. A Simple Guide to Stye & Chalazion
   8. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

antibiotics

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne
   2. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis
   3. A Simple Guide to Anthrax
   4. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
   5. A Simple Guide to Corneal Ulcer
   6. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease
   7. A Simple Guide to Cystitis
   8. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   9. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections
  10. A Simple Guide to Eczema
  11. A Simple Guide to Entropion
  12. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea
  13. A Simple Guide to Halitosis
  14. A Simple Guide to Laceration
  15. A Simple Guide to Laryngitis
  16. A Simple Guide to Mastitis
  17. A Simple Guide to Paronychia
  18. A Simple Guide to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
  19. A Simple Guide to Prostatitis
  20. A Simple Guide to Salpingitis
  21. A Simple Guide to Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
  22. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis
  23. A Simple Guide to Urethritis
  24. A Simple Guide to Vulvitis
  25. A Simple guide to Anal Fistula
  26. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

anticholinesterase

   1. A Simple Guide to Myasthenia Gravis

anticoagulant

   1. A Simple Guide to Deep Vein Thrombosis

antidepressant

   1. A Simple Guide to Depression

antifungal

   1. A Simple Guide to Athlete's Foot
   2. A Simple Guide to Dandruff
   3. A Simple Guide to Paronychia

antihistamine

   1. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
Amenorrhea

   1. A Simple Guide to Amenorrhea

Anal Fistula

   1. A Simple guide to Anal Fistula

Anal fissure

   1. A Simple Guide to Anal fissure

Angiogram

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease

Anthrax

   1. A Simple Guide to Anthrax

Antibiotic therapy

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis

Antispasmodics

   1. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea

Appendicitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis

Artery blockage

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease

Astigmatism

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism

Athlete's Foot

   1. A Simple Guide to Athlete's Foot



   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema
   3. A Simple Guide to Urticaria
   4. A Simple Guide to Vulvitis

antimycotics

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis

antispasmodic

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   2. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

antitoxins

   1. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

antiviral

   1. A Simple Guide to Facial Palsy

anus

   1. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea
   2. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

anxiety

   1. A Simple Guide to Dizziness
   2. A Simple guide to Stress

aphthous ulcers

   1. A Simple Guide to Glossitis

appendix perforation

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis

appetite suppressant

   1. A Simple Guide to Obesity Part 2

areflexia

   1. A Simple Guide to Guillain-Barre Syndrome

arthritis

   1. A Simple Guide To Gout
   2. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea
   3. A Simple Guide to Osteoarthritis
   4. A Simple Guide to Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

asbestos

   1. A Simple Guide to Lung Cancer

aspiration

   1. A Simple Guide to Hydrocoele
   2. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion

aspirin

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2

asthma

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma

atherosclerosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Intermittent Claudication

atopic dermatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Atopic Dermatitis

atopic eczema

   1. A Simple Guide to Atopic Dermatitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema

atrial fibrillation

   1. A Simple Guide To Atrial Fibrillation II
   2. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

aural toilet

   1. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections

autoimmune disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Psoriasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Rheumatoid Arthritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Vitiligo

autoimmune neuromuscular disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Myasthenia Gravis

autonomic dysfunction

   1. A Simple Guide to Guillain-Barre Syndrome

axilla

   1. A Simple Guide to Intertrigo

BMI

   1. A Simple Guide to Obesity

BPH

   1. A Simple Guide to Urinary Incontinence

BSE

   1. A Simple Guide to Breast Cancer

Backache

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache
   2. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc

back pain

   1. A Simple Guide to Ankylosing Spondylosis

bacteria

   1. A Simple Guide to Otitis media
   2. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis
   3. A Simple Guide to Blepharitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Cervicitis
   5. A Simple Guide to Chlamydia
   6. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections
   7. A Simple Guide to Epididymitis and Orchitis
   8. A Simple Guide to Gingivitis
   9. A Simple Guide to Glossitis
  10. A Simple Guide to Impetigo
  11. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis
  12. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis
  13. A Simple Guide to Syphilis
  14. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever
  15. A Simple guide to Anal Fistula

bacterial infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Cellulitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Cholecystitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Fever
   4. A Simple Guide to Laceration
   5. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion
   6. A Simple Guide to Stye & Chalazion

bacterial vaginosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Bacterial Vaginosis

Balanitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis

ballooning of blood vessel in brain

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral aneurysm

barking cough

   1. A Simple Guide to Croup

basal cell carcinoma

   1. A Simple Guide to Basal cell carcinoma

Beestings

   1. A Simple Guide to Beestings

Bence Jones

   1. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

   1. A Simple Guide to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Benzyl Benzoate lotion

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Best Yahoo Answers

   1. Sinusitis - Best Yahoo Answer
   2. Side/Back Pain - Best Yahoo Answer
   3. Washing Hair after removing staples in my scalp -Best Yahoo Answer
   4. Vitamin E - Best Yahoo Answer

Blepharitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Blepharitis


bladder cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia
   3. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

bleeding

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral aneurysm
   2. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever
   3. A Simple Guide to Laceration
   4. A Simple Guide to Stroke
   5. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2
   6. A Simple guide to Hemorrhoids

bleeding disorder

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia
   2. A Simple Guide to Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

blindness

   1. A Simple Guide to Corneal Ulcer
   2. A Simple Guide to Cytomegalovirus

blisters

   1. A Simple Guide to Chickenpox
   2. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes
   3. A Simple Guide to Shingles

bloating

   1. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
   4. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis

blood cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

blood in sputum

   1. A Simple Guide to Lung Cancer

blood in urine

   1. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Prostate Cancer

blood loss

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia

blood pressure

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2

blood release

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria

blood transfusion

   1. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

bloodborne infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

blurred vision

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism
   2. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Uveitis

bodyache

   1. A Simple Guide to Fever
   2. A Simple Guide to Rubella

bone density test

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteoporosis

bone fusion

   1. A Simple Guide to Scoliosis

bone infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis

bone marrow transplant

   1. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma
   3. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

bone pain

   1. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

brain damage

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral Palsy

brain infections

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral Palsy
   2. A Simple Guide to Headache

brain tumour

   1. A Simple Guide to Headache
   2. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

breathless

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Bronchitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Croup
   4. A Simple Guide to Lung Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Pneumonia
   6. A Simple guide to Stress

brittle bones

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteoporosis

bronchodilator

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

bruise

   1. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

Bordetella pertussis

   1. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

Bronchitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Bronchitis


Burns

   1. A Simple Guide to Burns & Scalds

CA 125

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer

CD4 (T-cell) lymphocytes

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS

CPAP

   1. A Simple Guide to Obstructive Sleep Apnea

CSF

   1. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

calcium

   1. A Simple Guide to Urinary Stones

calcium supplements

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia
   2. A Simple Guide to Breast Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion
   6. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc
   7. A Simple Guide to Prostate Cancer
   8. A Simple Guide to Shingles
   9. A Simple Guide to Urinary Incontinence

cancer of the cervix

   1. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

cancers

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache

cardioversion

   1. A Simple Guide To Atrial Fibrillation II
   2. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

cautery

   1. A Simple Guide to Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

cerebral aneurysm

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral aneurysm

cerebral palsy

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral Palsy

cerebrovascular accident(CVA)

   1. A Simple Guide to Stroke

cervical cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

cervicitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervicitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea

cervix cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

cessation of menstruation

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

chalazion

   1. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   2. A Simple Guide to Stye & Chalazion

chemotherapy

   1. A Simple Guide to Alopecia(Hair Loss)
   2. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Breast Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer
   6. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma
   7. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma
   8. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer
   9. A Simple Guide to Prostate Cancer
  10. A Simple Guide to Stomach Cancer

chickenpox

   1. A Simple Guide to Chickenpox
   2. A Simple Guide to Shingles

chikungunya fever

   1. A Simple Guide to Chikungunya Fever

cholesterol

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

circumcision

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis

closed angle glaucoma

   1. A Simple Guide to Glaucoma

cochlea

   1. A Simple Guide to Dizziness

cold compress

   1. A Simple Guide to Beestings
   2. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
   3. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

cold sores

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

collagen abnormalities

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteogenesis Imperfecta

colon

   1. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer

colonoscopy

   1. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer

common cold

   1. A Simple Guide to Coryza(Common Cold)

compression

   1. A Simple Guide to Acoustic neuroma
   2. A Simple Guide to Thyroid Nodules

compression of the median nerve

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

congenital

   1. A Simple Guide to Hydrocoele
   2. A Simple Guide to Hypothyroidism
   3. A Simple Guide to Inguinal Hernia

conjuctivitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   2. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   3. A Simple Guide to Pterygium
   4. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis

constipation

   1. A Simple Guide to Anal fissure
   2. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   4. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

contaminated food

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   2. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis A

contaminated soil

   1. A Simple Guide to Cutaneous Larva migrans

contaminated water and food

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

contraction of the diaphragm

   1. A Simple Guide to Hiccups

contusion

   1. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

convulsions

   1. A Simple Guide to Epilepsy

cornea

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism

corneal blockage

   1. A Simple Guide to Pterygium

corneal ulcer

   1. A Simple Guide to Corneal Ulcer
   2. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   3. A Simple Guide to Entropion

coronary artery bypass graft surgery

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2

corticosteroid creams

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Mouth Ulcers

corticosteroid injections.

   1. A Simple Guide to Keloid

corticosteroids

   1. A Simple Guide to Beestings
   2. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
   3. A Simple Guide to Urticaria

cortisone injections

   1. A Simple Guide to Tenosynovitis

cough

   1. A Simple Guide to Bronchitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Chickenpox
   3. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
   4. A Simple Guide to Coughing
   5. A Simple Guide to Measles
   6. A Simple Guide to Pneumonia
   7. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

cramps

   1. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer

crooked spine

   1. A Simple Guide to Scoliosis

cut

   1. A Simple Guide to Laceration

cystitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cystitis

cystoscopy

   1. A Simple Guide to Cystitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Urethritis

Candida albicans

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Paronychia

Candidiasis

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis

Carbamazepine

   1. A Simple Guide to Trigeminal Neuralgia

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Cellulitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cellulitis

Cervical Spondylosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Spondylosis

Chlamydia

   1. A Simple Guide to Chlamydia

Cholecystitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholecystitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Gallstones

Cholera

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholera

Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Cialis

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Coronary Heart Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

   1. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

Crohn's Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease

Croup

   1. A Simple Guide to Croup

Cutaneous Larva migrans

   1. A Simple Guide to Cutaneous Larva migrans

Cytomegalovirus

   1. A Simple Guide to Cytomegalovirus

deep vein thrombosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Deep Vein Thrombosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Varicose Veins

dehydration

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholera
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Heat Stroke

dementia

   1. A Simple Guide to Alzheimer's disease

dengue

   1. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever

dental hygiene

   1. A Simple Guide to Halitosis

depression

   1. A Simple Guide to Constipation
   2. A Simple Guide to Depression
   3. A Simple Guide to Osteoarthritis
   4. A Simple Guide to Stroke

dermatophytes

   1. A Simple Guide to Athlete's Foot

diabetes

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2
   3. A Simple Guide to Foot Care
   4. A Simple Guide to Obesity
   5. A Simple Guide to Pancreatic Cancer
   6. A Simple Guide to Pancreatitis
   7. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

dialysis or transplant

   1. A Simple Guide to Polycystic kidney disease

diarrhea

   1. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome


diet

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
   3. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Obesity Part 2
   5. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

dizziness

   1. A Simple Guide to Dizziness

dopamine transmitter

   1. A Simple Guide to Parkinson's Disease

dribbling

   1. A Simple Guide to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
   2. A Simple Guide to Urinary Incontinence

dust

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema
   3. A Simple Guide to Laceration

dust mites

   1. A Simple Guide to Allergies

dysphagia

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease

DTP vaccine

   1. A Simple guide to Tetanus - New !!
   2. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

Dandruff

   1. A Simple Guide to Dandruff

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

   1. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever

Dental problems

   1. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis

Diabetes Mellitus

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Mellitus
   2. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Part 2

Diphtheria

   1. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

Diverticulosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis

Dysmenorrhea

   1. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea

ECG

   1. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

EMG

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

ear infections

   1. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections

Eczema

   1. A Simple Guide to Eczema

ecchymosis

   1. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

Endometriosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea
   2. A Simple Guide to Endometriosis

Entropion

   1. A Simple Guide to Entropion

Epididymitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Epididymitis and Orchitis

Epstein-Barr virus

   1. A Simple Guide to Infectious Mononucleosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma
   3. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Erectile dysfunction

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Excessive Menstrual Bleeding

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)

Fibromyalgia

   1. A Simple Guide to Fibromyalgia I
   2. A Simple Guide to Fibromyalgia II

Finasteride

   1. A Simple Guide to Alopecia(Hair Loss)

Folliculitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Folliculitis
  
Foot and Mouth Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease

Foot care

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Foot Care

Frozen Shoulder

   1. A Simple Guide to Frozen Shoulder

Genital Herpes

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

Gestational diabetes

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Mellitus

Gingivitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Gingivitis

Glossitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Glossitis

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

   1. A Simple Guide to Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Gynecomastia

   1. A Simple Guide to Gynecomastia

HBV virus infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis B

HCV

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

HCV antibodies

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

HDL

   1. A Simple Guide to High Cholesterol

HIV

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS
   2. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma

HMB-45-positive

   1. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

HMF

   1. A Simple Guide to Meningitis

HPV

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

HPV DNA test

   1. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

HRT

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer

HSV1

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

HSV2 viruses

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

Halitosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Halitosis

Hand

   1. A Simple Guide to Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease

Heat Stroke

   1. A Simple Guide to Heat Stroke

Helicobacter pylori

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastritis
   2. A Simple Guide to Stomach Cancer

Hepatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis - Update

Hepatitis A

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis A

Hepatitis C

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

Hormone replacement therapy

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS

Human papilloma virus Infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

Hydrocoele

   1. A Simple Guide to Hydrocoele

Hyperhidrosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Hyperhidrosis

Hypertension

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Hypertension
   3. A Simple Guide to Obesity
   4. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

Hyperthyroid Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Hyperthyroid Disease

IUD

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)

Ichthyosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Ichthyosis

Impetigo

   1. A Simple Guide to Impetigo

Infectious Mononucleosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Infectious Mononucleosis

Inguinal hernia

   1. A Simple Guide to Inguinal Hernia

Intertrigo

   1. A Simple Guide to Intertrigo

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

   1. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Kidney cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Kidney Cancer

Knee cap dislocation

   1. A Simple Guide to Knee cap Dislocation

Koplik's spots

   1. A Simple Guide to Measles

LASIK

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism

LDL

   1. A Simple Guide to High Cholesterol

Laryngeal cancer

   1. A Simple Guide of Laryngeal Cancer - New !!

Laryngitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Laryngitis

Levitra

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Lice

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Little's area

   1. A Simple Guide to Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

Liver Cirrhosis

   1. A Simple Guide of Liver Cirrhosis II
   2. A Simple Guide to Liver Cirrhosis I

Longo technique

   1. A Simple guide to Hemorrhoids

M proteins

   1. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

MMR vaccine

   1. A Simple Guide to Measles
   2. A Simple Guide to Mumps
   3. A Simple Guide to Rubella

MRI

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache
   2. A Simple Guide to Frozen Shoulder
   3. A Simple Guide to Knee cap Dislocation
   4. A Simple Guide to Liver Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc

Mastitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Mastitis

McBurney's Point

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis

Meniere's Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Meniere's Disease

Murphy Sign

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholecystitis

NSAIDS

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
   2. A Simple Guide to Headache
   3. A Simple Guide to Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nasopharyngeal cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

   1. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea

Nits on scalp

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

   1. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Obesity

   1. A Simple Guide to Intertrigo
   2. A Simple Guide to Kidney Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Obesity
   4. A Simple Guide to Obesity Part 2
   5. A Simple Guide to Varicose Veins

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

   1. A Simple Guide to Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Osteomyelitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis

Ovarian cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian torsion

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian torsion

P.falciparium

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria

P.malariae

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria


PECOMA

   1. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

PID

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)
   2. A Simple Guide to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Papanicolaou tests Pap smear

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

Parkinson

   1. A Simple Guide to Parkinson's Disease

Paronychia

   1. A Simple Guide to Paronychia

Pediculosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Penicillin

   1. A Simple Guide to Syphilis

Pericarditis

   1. A Simple Guide to Pericarditis

Perivascular epithelioid cell

   1. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

Pityriasis Rosea

   1. A Simple Guide to Pityriasis Rosea

Pleural Effusion

   1. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion

Pneumothorax

   1. A Simple Guide to Pneumothorax

Poliomyelitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Poliomyelitis

Polycystic kidney disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Polycystic kidney disease

Prickly Heat

   1. A Simple Guide to Prickly Heat

Prostatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Prostatitis

Pterygium

   1. A Simple Guide to Pterygium

Retinitis pigmentosa

   1. A Simple Guide to Retinitis pigmentosa

STD

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

Salivary Gland cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Salivary Gland Cancer

Salmonella typhi

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

Salpingitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Salpingitis

Scabies

   1. A Simple Guide to Scabies

Scalds

   1. A Simple Guide to Burns & Scalds

Skin scrapings

   1. A Simple Guide to Scabies

Spine Xray

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache
   2. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc

Stomatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis

Syphilis

   1. A Simple Guide to Syphilis

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

TURP

   1. A Simple Guide to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Tenosynovitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Tenosynovitis

Testicular torsion

   1. A Simple Guide to Testicular torsion

Threadmill

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

Transient ischaemic attack(TIA)

   1. A Simple Guide to Stroke

Treponema pallidum

   1. A Simple Guide to Syphilis

Trichomonas vaginalis

   1. A Simple Guide to Trichomoniasis

Trigeminal Neuralgia

   1. A Simple Guide to Trigeminal Neuralgia

Typhoid Fever

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

Ulcerative Colitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis

Urethritis

   1. A Simple Guide to Urethritis

Urinary stones

   1. A Simple Guide to Urinary Stones

Uterine Fibroids

   1. A Simple Guide to Uterine Fibroids

Varicose Veins

   1. A Simple Guide to Varicose Veins

Viagra

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Vibrio cholorae

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholera

Vitamin A analogues

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne

Vitamin B12

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia

Vitamin Bs

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis A

Vitamin D

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

Vitiligo

   1. A Simple Guide to Vitiligo

Vulvitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Vulvitis

Whooping cough

   1. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

Wickham's striae

   1. A Simple Guide to Lichen Planus

Widal test

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever








AIDS

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS


abdominal pain

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease
   3. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   4. A Simple Guide to Gallstones
   5. A Simple Guide to Gastritis
   6. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   7. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
   8. A Simple Guide to Paronychia
   9. A Simple Guide to Sciatica
  10. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis

abscess

   1. A Simple Guide to Impetigo

acid reflux

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease

acne

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne

Acne Rosacea

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne Rosacea

Acoustic neuroma

   1. A Simple Guide to Acoustic neuroma

Adenoiditis

   1. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis

Adenoids

   1. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis

Aedes mosquitoes

   1. A Simple Guide to Chikungunya Fever
   2. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever



alcohol

   1. A Simple Guide of Liver Cirrhosis II
   2. A Simple Guide to Liver Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Liver Cirrhosis I
   4. A Simple Guide to Pancreatic Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Pancreatitis

allergens

   1. A Simple Guide to Allergies
   2. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis

allergies

   1. A Simple Guide to Allergies

allergy

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema

alopecia

   1. A Simple Guide to Alopecia(Hair Loss)

alzeheimer's disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Alzheimer's disease

anaemia

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia
   2. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Dizziness
   4. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

anaerobic bacteria

   1. A Simple Guide to Bacterial Vaginosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Halitosis

analgesic

   1. A Simple Guide to Cystitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea
   3. A Simple Guide to Prostatitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Urethritis

androgens

   1. A Simple Guide to Amenorrhea

ankles

   1. A Simple Guide to Ankylosing Spondylosis

anopheles mosquito

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria

anovulation

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)

anti-diarrhoea

   1. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

anti-flatulent

   1. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

antibiotic

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Cervicitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis
   5. A Simple Guide to Sinusitis
   6. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis
   7. A Simple Guide to Stye & Chalazion
   8. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

antibiotics

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne
   2. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis
   3. A Simple Guide to Anthrax
   4. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
   5. A Simple Guide to Corneal Ulcer
   6. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease
   7. A Simple Guide to Cystitis
   8. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   9. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections
  10. A Simple Guide to Eczema
  11. A Simple Guide to Entropion
  12. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea
  13. A Simple Guide to Halitosis
  14. A Simple Guide to Laceration
  15. A Simple Guide to Laryngitis
  16. A Simple Guide to Mastitis
  17. A Simple Guide to Paronychia
  18. A Simple Guide to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
  19. A Simple Guide to Prostatitis
  20. A Simple Guide to Salpingitis
  21. A Simple Guide to Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
  22. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis
  23. A Simple Guide to Urethritis
  24. A Simple Guide to Vulvitis
  25. A Simple guide to Anal Fistula
  26. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

anticholinesterase

   1. A Simple Guide to Myasthenia Gravis

anticoagulant

   1. A Simple Guide to Deep Vein Thrombosis

antidepressant

   1. A Simple Guide to Depression

antifungal

   1. A Simple Guide to Athlete's Foot
   2. A Simple Guide to Dandruff
   3. A Simple Guide to Paronychia

antihistamine

   1. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
Amenorrhea

   1. A Simple Guide to Amenorrhea

Anal Fistula

   1. A Simple guide to Anal Fistula

Anal fissure

   1. A Simple Guide to Anal fissure

Angiogram

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease

Anthrax

   1. A Simple Guide to Anthrax

Antibiotic therapy

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis

Antispasmodics

   1. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea

Appendicitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis

Artery blockage

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease

Astigmatism

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism

Athlete's Foot

   1. A Simple Guide to Athlete's Foot



   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema
   3. A Simple Guide to Urticaria
   4. A Simple Guide to Vulvitis

antimycotics

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis

antispasmodic

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   2. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

antitoxins

   1. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

antiviral

   1. A Simple Guide to Facial Palsy

anus

   1. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea
   2. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

anxiety

   1. A Simple Guide to Dizziness
   2. A Simple guide to Stress

aphthous ulcers

   1. A Simple Guide to Glossitis

appendix perforation

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis

appetite suppressant

   1. A Simple Guide to Obesity Part 2

areflexia

   1. A Simple Guide to Guillain-Barre Syndrome

arthritis

   1. A Simple Guide To Gout
   2. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea
   3. A Simple Guide to Osteoarthritis
   4. A Simple Guide to Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

asbestos

   1. A Simple Guide to Lung Cancer

aspiration

   1. A Simple Guide to Hydrocoele
   2. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion

aspirin

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2

asthma

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma

atherosclerosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Intermittent Claudication

atopic dermatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Atopic Dermatitis

atopic eczema

   1. A Simple Guide to Atopic Dermatitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema

atrial fibrillation

   1. A Simple Guide To Atrial Fibrillation II
   2. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

aural toilet

   1. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections

autoimmune disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Psoriasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Rheumatoid Arthritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Vitiligo

autoimmune neuromuscular disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Myasthenia Gravis

autonomic dysfunction

   1. A Simple Guide to Guillain-Barre Syndrome

axilla

   1. A Simple Guide to Intertrigo

BMI

   1. A Simple Guide to Obesity

BPH

   1. A Simple Guide to Urinary Incontinence

BSE

   1. A Simple Guide to Breast Cancer

Backache

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache
   2. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc

back pain

   1. A Simple Guide to Ankylosing Spondylosis

bacteria

   1. A Simple Guide to Otitis media
   2. A Simple Guide to Adenoiditis
   3. A Simple Guide to Blepharitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Cervicitis
   5. A Simple Guide to Chlamydia
   6. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections
   7. A Simple Guide to Epididymitis and Orchitis
   8. A Simple Guide to Gingivitis
   9. A Simple Guide to Glossitis
  10. A Simple Guide to Impetigo
  11. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis
  12. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis
  13. A Simple Guide to Syphilis
  14. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever
  15. A Simple guide to Anal Fistula

bacterial infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Cellulitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Cholecystitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Fever
   4. A Simple Guide to Laceration
   5. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion
   6. A Simple Guide to Stye & Chalazion

bacterial vaginosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Bacterial Vaginosis

Balanitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis

ballooning of blood vessel in brain

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral aneurysm

barking cough

   1. A Simple Guide to Croup

basal cell carcinoma

   1. A Simple Guide to Basal cell carcinoma

Beestings

   1. A Simple Guide to Beestings

Bence Jones

   1. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

   1. A Simple Guide to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Benzyl Benzoate lotion

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Best Yahoo Answers

   1. Sinusitis - Best Yahoo Answer
   2. Side/Back Pain - Best Yahoo Answer
   3. Washing Hair after removing staples in my scalp -Best Yahoo Answer
   4. Vitamin E - Best Yahoo Answer

Blepharitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Blepharitis


bladder cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia
   3. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

bleeding

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral aneurysm
   2. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever
   3. A Simple Guide to Laceration
   4. A Simple Guide to Stroke
   5. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2
   6. A Simple guide to Hemorrhoids

bleeding disorder

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia
   2. A Simple Guide to Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

blindness

   1. A Simple Guide to Corneal Ulcer
   2. A Simple Guide to Cytomegalovirus

blisters

   1. A Simple Guide to Chickenpox
   2. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes
   3. A Simple Guide to Shingles

bloating

   1. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
   4. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis

blood cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

blood in sputum

   1. A Simple Guide to Lung Cancer

blood in urine

   1. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Prostate Cancer

blood loss

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia

blood pressure

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2

blood release

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria

blood transfusion

   1. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

bloodborne infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

blurred vision

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism
   2. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Uveitis

bodyache

   1. A Simple Guide to Fever
   2. A Simple Guide to Rubella

bone density test

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteoporosis

bone fusion

   1. A Simple Guide to Scoliosis

bone infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis

bone marrow transplant

   1. A Simple Guide to Blood Cancer
   2. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma
   3. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

bone pain

   1. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

brain damage

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral Palsy

brain infections

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral Palsy
   2. A Simple Guide to Headache

brain tumour

   1. A Simple Guide to Headache
   2. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

breathless

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Bronchitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Croup
   4. A Simple Guide to Lung Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Pneumonia
   6. A Simple guide to Stress

brittle bones

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteoporosis

bronchodilator

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

bruise

   1. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

Bordetella pertussis

   1. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

Bronchitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Bronchitis


Burns

   1. A Simple Guide to Burns & Scalds

CA 125

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer

CD4 (T-cell) lymphocytes

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS

CPAP

   1. A Simple Guide to Obstructive Sleep Apnea

CSF

   1. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

calcium

   1. A Simple Guide to Urinary Stones

calcium supplements

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia
   2. A Simple Guide to Breast Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion
   6. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc
   7. A Simple Guide to Prostate Cancer
   8. A Simple Guide to Shingles
   9. A Simple Guide to Urinary Incontinence

cancer of the cervix

   1. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

cancers

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache

cardioversion

   1. A Simple Guide To Atrial Fibrillation II
   2. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

cautery

   1. A Simple Guide to Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

cerebral aneurysm

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral aneurysm

cerebral palsy

   1. A Simple Guide to Cerebral Palsy

cerebrovascular accident(CVA)

   1. A Simple Guide to Stroke

cervical cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

cervicitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervicitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea

cervix cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

cessation of menstruation

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

chalazion

   1. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   2. A Simple Guide to Stye & Chalazion

chemotherapy

   1. A Simple Guide to Alopecia(Hair Loss)
   2. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Breast Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer
   6. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma
   7. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma
   8. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer
   9. A Simple Guide to Prostate Cancer
  10. A Simple Guide to Stomach Cancer

chickenpox

   1. A Simple Guide to Chickenpox
   2. A Simple Guide to Shingles

chikungunya fever

   1. A Simple Guide to Chikungunya Fever

cholesterol

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

circumcision

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis

closed angle glaucoma

   1. A Simple Guide to Glaucoma

cochlea

   1. A Simple Guide to Dizziness

cold compress

   1. A Simple Guide to Beestings
   2. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis
   3. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

cold sores

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

collagen abnormalities

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteogenesis Imperfecta

colon

   1. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer

colonoscopy

   1. A Simple Guide to Colorectal Cancer

common cold

   1. A Simple Guide to Coryza(Common Cold)

compression

   1. A Simple Guide to Acoustic neuroma
   2. A Simple Guide to Thyroid Nodules

compression of the median nerve

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

congenital

   1. A Simple Guide to Hydrocoele
   2. A Simple Guide to Hypothyroidism
   3. A Simple Guide to Inguinal Hernia

conjuctivitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   2. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   3. A Simple Guide to Pterygium
   4. A Simple Guide to Conjunctivitis

constipation

   1. A Simple Guide to Anal fissure
   2. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis
   3. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis
   4. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

contaminated food

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   2. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis A

contaminated soil

   1. A Simple Guide to Cutaneous Larva migrans

contaminated water and food

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

contraction of the diaphragm

   1. A Simple Guide to Hiccups

contusion

   1. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

convulsions

   1. A Simple Guide to Epilepsy

cornea

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism

corneal blockage

   1. A Simple Guide to Pterygium

corneal ulcer

   1. A Simple Guide to Corneal Ulcer
   2. A Simple Guide to Entropion
   3. A Simple Guide to Entropion

coronary artery bypass graft surgery

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2

corticosteroid creams

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Mouth Ulcers

corticosteroid injections.

   1. A Simple Guide to Keloid

corticosteroids

   1. A Simple Guide to Beestings
   2. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
   3. A Simple Guide to Urticaria

cortisone injections

   1. A Simple Guide to Tenosynovitis

cough

   1. A Simple Guide to Bronchitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Chickenpox
   3. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
   4. A Simple Guide to Coughing
   5. A Simple Guide to Measles
   6. A Simple Guide to Pneumonia
   7. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

cramps

   1. A Simple Guide to Bladder Cancer

crooked spine

   1. A Simple Guide to Scoliosis

cut

   1. A Simple Guide to Laceration

cystitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cystitis

cystoscopy

   1. A Simple Guide to Cystitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Urethritis

Candida albicans

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Paronychia

Candidiasis

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis

Carbamazepine

   1. A Simple Guide to Trigeminal Neuralgia

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Cellulitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cellulitis

Cervical Spondylosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Spondylosis

Chlamydia

   1. A Simple Guide to Chlamydia

Cholecystitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholecystitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Gallstones

Cholera

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholera

Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Cialis

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Coronary Heart Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

   1. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

Crohn's Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease

Croup

   1. A Simple Guide to Croup

Cutaneous Larva migrans

   1. A Simple Guide to Cutaneous Larva migrans

Cytomegalovirus

   1. A Simple Guide to Cytomegalovirus

deep vein thrombosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Deep Vein Thrombosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Varicose Veins

dehydration

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholera
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Heat Stroke

dementia

   1. A Simple Guide to Alzheimer's disease

dengue

   1. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever

dental hygiene

   1. A Simple Guide to Halitosis

depression

   1. A Simple Guide to Constipation
   2. A Simple Guide to Depression
   3. A Simple Guide to Osteoarthritis
   4. A Simple Guide to Stroke

dermatophytes

   1. A Simple Guide to Athlete's Foot

diabetes

   1. A Simple Guide to Candidiasis
   2. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2
   3. A Simple Guide to Foot Care
   4. A Simple Guide to Obesity
   5. A Simple Guide to Pancreatic Cancer
   6. A Simple Guide to Pancreatitis
   7. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

dialysis or transplant

   1. A Simple Guide to Polycystic kidney disease

diarrhea

   1. A Simple Guide to Crohn's Disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroenteritis
   3. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis
   4. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome


diet

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
   3. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer
   4. A Simple Guide to Obesity Part 2
   5. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

dizziness

   1. A Simple Guide to Dizziness

dopamine transmitter

   1. A Simple Guide to Parkinson's Disease

dribbling

   1. A Simple Guide to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
   2. A Simple Guide to Urinary Incontinence

dust

   1. A Simple Guide to Asthma
   2. A Simple Guide to Eczema
   3. A Simple Guide to Laceration

dust mites

   1. A Simple Guide to Allergies

dysphagia

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Gastroesophageal reflux disease

DTP vaccine

   1. A Simple guide to Tetanus - New !!
   2. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

Dandruff

   1. A Simple Guide to Dandruff

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

   1. A Simple Guide to Dengue Fever

Dental problems

   1. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis

Diabetes Mellitus

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Mellitus
   2. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Part 2

Diphtheria

   1. A Simple guide to Diphtheria

Diverticulosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Diverticulosis

Dysmenorrhea

   1. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea

ECG

   1. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

EMG

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

ear infections

   1. A Simple Guide to Ear Infections

Eczema

   1. A Simple Guide to Eczema

ecchymosis

   1. A Simple Guide to a Bruise

Endometriosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Dysmenorrhea
   2. A Simple Guide to Endometriosis

Entropion

   1. A Simple Guide to Entropion

Epididymitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Epididymitis and Orchitis

Epstein-Barr virus

   1. A Simple Guide to Infectious Mononucleosis
   2. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma
   3. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Erectile dysfunction

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Excessive Menstrual Bleeding

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)

Fibromyalgia

   1. A Simple Guide to Fibromyalgia I
   2. A Simple Guide to Fibromyalgia II

Finasteride

   1. A Simple Guide to Alopecia(Hair Loss)

Folliculitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Folliculitis
  
Foot and Mouth Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease

Foot care

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Foot Care

Frozen Shoulder

   1. A Simple Guide to Frozen Shoulder

Genital Herpes

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

Gestational diabetes

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Mellitus

Gingivitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Gingivitis

Glossitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Glossitis

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

   1. A Simple Guide to Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Gynecomastia

   1. A Simple Guide to Gynecomastia

HBV virus infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis B

HCV

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

HCV antibodies

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

HDL

   1. A Simple Guide to High Cholesterol

HIV

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS
   2. A Simple Guide to Lymphoma

HMB-45-positive

   1. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

HMF

   1. A Simple Guide to Meningitis

HPV

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

HPV DNA test

   1. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

HRT

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer

HSV1

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

HSV2 viruses

   1. A Simple Guide to Genital Herpes

Halitosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Halitosis

Hand

   1. A Simple Guide to Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease

Heat Stroke

   1. A Simple Guide to Heat Stroke

Helicobacter pylori

   1. A Simple Guide to Gastritis
   2. A Simple Guide to Stomach Cancer

Hepatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis - Update

Hepatitis A

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis A

Hepatitis C

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis C

Hormone replacement therapy

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

   1. A Simple Guide to AIDS

Human papilloma virus Infection

   1. A Simple Guide to Human papilloma virus Infection

Hydrocoele

   1. A Simple Guide to Hydrocoele

Hyperhidrosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Hyperhidrosis

Hypertension

   1. A Simple Guide to Diabetes Part 2
   2. A Simple Guide to Hypertension
   3. A Simple Guide to Obesity
   4. A Simple Guide to Stroke 2

Hyperthyroid Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Hyperthyroid Disease

IUD

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)

Ichthyosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Ichthyosis

Impetigo

   1. A Simple Guide to Impetigo

Infectious Mononucleosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Infectious Mononucleosis

Inguinal hernia

   1. A Simple Guide to Inguinal Hernia

Intertrigo

   1. A Simple Guide to Intertrigo

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

   1. A Simple Guide to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Kidney cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Kidney Cancer

Knee cap dislocation

   1. A Simple Guide to Knee cap Dislocation

Koplik's spots

   1. A Simple Guide to Measles

LASIK

   1. A Simple Guide to Astigmatism

LDL

   1. A Simple Guide to High Cholesterol

Laryngeal cancer

   1. A Simple Guide of Laryngeal Cancer - New !!

Laryngitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Laryngitis

Levitra

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Lice

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Little's area

   1. A Simple Guide to Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

Liver Cirrhosis

   1. A Simple Guide of Liver Cirrhosis II
   2. A Simple Guide to Liver Cirrhosis I

Longo technique

   1. A Simple guide to Hemorrhoids

M proteins

   1. A Simple Guide to Multiple Myeloma

MMR vaccine

   1. A Simple Guide to Measles
   2. A Simple Guide to Mumps
   3. A Simple Guide to Rubella

MRI

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache
   2. A Simple Guide to Frozen Shoulder
   3. A Simple Guide to Knee cap Dislocation
   4. A Simple Guide to Liver Cancer
   5. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc

Mastitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Mastitis

McBurney's Point

   1. A Simple Guide to Appendicitis

Meniere's Disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Meniere's Disease

Murphy Sign

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholecystitis

NSAIDS

   1. A Simple Guide to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
   2. A Simple Guide to Headache
   3. A Simple Guide to Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nasopharyngeal cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

   1. A Simple Guide to Gonorrhea

Nits on scalp

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

   1. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Obesity

   1. A Simple Guide to Intertrigo
   2. A Simple Guide to Kidney Cancer
   3. A Simple Guide to Obesity
   4. A Simple Guide to Obesity Part 2
   5. A Simple Guide to Varicose Veins

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

   1. A Simple Guide to Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Osteomyelitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Osteomyelitis

Ovarian cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian torsion

   1. A Simple Guide to Ovarian torsion

P.falciparium

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria

P.malariae

   1. A Simple Guide to Malaria


PECOMA

   1. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

PID

   1. A Simple Guide to Menorrhagia2(Excessive Menstrual Bleeding)
   2. A Simple Guide to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Papanicolaou tests Pap smear

   1. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

Parkinson

   1. A Simple Guide to Parkinson's Disease

Paronychia

   1. A Simple Guide to Paronychia

Pediculosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Lice

Penicillin

   1. A Simple Guide to Syphilis

Pericarditis

   1. A Simple Guide to Pericarditis

Perivascular epithelioid cell

   1. A Simple Guide to PECOMA Cancer

Pityriasis Rosea

   1. A Simple Guide to Pityriasis Rosea

Pleural Effusion

   1. A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion

Pneumothorax

   1. A Simple Guide to Pneumothorax

Poliomyelitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Poliomyelitis

Polycystic kidney disease

   1. A Simple Guide to Polycystic kidney disease

Prickly Heat

   1. A Simple Guide to Prickly Heat

Prostatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Prostatitis

Pterygium

   1. A Simple Guide to Pterygium

Retinitis pigmentosa

   1. A Simple Guide to Retinitis pigmentosa

STD

   1. A Simple Guide to Balanitis
   2. A Simple Guide to Cervical Cancer

Salivary Gland cancer

   1. A Simple Guide to Salivary Gland Cancer

Salmonella typhi

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

Salpingitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Salpingitis

Scabies

   1. A Simple Guide to Scabies

Scalds

   1. A Simple Guide to Burns & Scalds

Skin scrapings

   1. A Simple Guide to Scabies

Spine Xray

   1. A Simple Guide to Backache
   2. A Simple Guide to Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc

Stomatitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Stomatitis

Syphilis

   1. A Simple Guide to Syphilis

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

   1. A Simple Guide to Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

TURP

   1. A Simple Guide to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Tenosynovitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Tenosynovitis

Testicular torsion

   1. A Simple Guide to Testicular torsion

Threadmill

   1. A Simple Guide to Coronary Heart Disease
   2. A Simple Guide to Atrial Fibrillation I

Transient ischaemic attack(TIA)

   1. A Simple Guide to Stroke

Treponema pallidum

   1. A Simple Guide to Syphilis

Trichomonas vaginalis

   1. A Simple Guide to Trichomoniasis

Trigeminal Neuralgia

   1. A Simple Guide to Trigeminal Neuralgia

Typhoid Fever

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

Ulcerative Colitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Ulcerative Colitis

Urethritis

   1. A Simple Guide to Urethritis

Urinary stones

   1. A Simple Guide to Urinary Stones

Uterine Fibroids

   1. A Simple Guide to Uterine Fibroids

Varicose Veins

   1. A Simple Guide to Varicose Veins

Viagra

   1. A Simple Guide to Erectile Dysfunction

Vibrio cholorae

   1. A Simple Guide to Cholera

Vitamin A analogues

   1. A Simple Guide to Acne

Vitamin B12

   1. A Simple Guide to Anaemia

Vitamin Bs

   1. A Simple Guide to Hepatitis A

Vitamin D

   1. A Simple Guide to Menopause

Vitiligo

   1. A Simple Guide to Vitiligo

Vulvitis

   1. A Simple Guide to Vulvitis

Whooping cough

   1. A Simple guide to Whooping Cough

Wickham's striae

   1. A Simple Guide to Lichen Planus

Widal test

   1. A Simple Guide to Typhoid Fever

Best Yahoo Answers-Is there any side effect(kidney stone) for use of vitamin e gel capsules?

Is there any side effect(kidney stone) for use of vitamin e gel capsules?

any side effect(kidney stone) of using this capsules gels below 400.IU
if not what is the side effect of using unnatural vitamin e
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• 2 years ago

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by kee k

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Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

No side effects of kidney stones from taking vitamin E. Side effects of excessive Vitamin E may be damage to the liver as excess Vitamin E may be stored in the liver

Source(s):

http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

A Simple Guide of Laryngeal Cancer

A Simple Guide to Laryngeal Cancer
----------------------------------------------------

What is Laryngeal Cancer ?
-----------------------------------------

Laryngeal cancer occurs when the cells lining the larynx(the vocal box) become abnormal and proliferates giving rise to cancer cells.

It affects more men than women.


What are the causes of Laryngeal Cancer?
------------------------------------------------------
 
Various causes may be involved:

1.Genes. -males over the age of 55 years are at four times higher
risk than females.

2.Smoking. People who smokes have a higher risk than non smokers

3.Drinking alcohol can increase the risk of laryngeal cancer.

4.Occupation. There is evidence that workers exposed to sulfuric acid and asbestos have a higher risk of developing laryngeal cancer.


What are the signs and symptoms of Laryngeal Cancer?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

The following are symptoms of  Laryngeal cancer:

1.Hoarseness or other changes in the voice

2.A painless lump in the neck-usually a lymph node
infiltrated by cancer cells

3.Cough that does not go away

4.Persistent sore throat or a feeling that there is something
stuck in the throat

5.Difficulty in breathing or speaking

6.Ear pain

7.Weight loss


How can Laryngeal Cancer be diagnosed?
----------------------------------------------------------------

Examination of the throat, vocal cords and neck for abnormal lumps

An endoscope is inserted into the throat to look at the vocal cords and their movement. 
The ENT specialist may extract issue (biopsy) which can be sent for testing, to confirm if there is a cancerous growth.

If a tumour is found, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be
used to assess its size.

How can Laryngeal Cancer be treated?
----------------------------------------------------

Treatment depends on the diagnosis of the laryngeal cancer and its spread outside of the vocal box.
Usually most laryngeal cancer are slow spreading.

Radiotherapy.

This is the most common treatment for small cancer of the larynx. This involves the use of radiation to attack cancer cells, stopping them from growing or multiplying.

Chemotherapy.

This involves the use of anti-cancer medication to treat
the cancer.

For both methods, the patient may experience side-effects such as tiredness and nausea.

Radiotherapy are often used together with chemotherapy.

Surgery

Surgery is used only when the cancer can not be treated by
radiotherapy or chemotherapy because the removal of the vocal
cords or the entire larynx can cause the loss of voice.
The lymph node in the neck may also be removed at the same time.

If surgery is done , usually a tracheostomy or hole in the
windpipe is done to allow air to enter or escape from the tubes in the lungs.

Some patient may also require a feeding tube after surgery because swallowing of food is affected by the surgery.
Most people will learn to swallow again so the feeding tube is
temporary.

Early treatment is recommended as it increases the patient's chances of survival.
Delayed action could result in the cancer spreading to other parts of the body, making it more difficult to treat.

Living with a Tracheostomy.
------------------------------------------

The tracheostomy in the windpipe is necessary for air to enter and leave the lungs.
However the tracheostomy must be kept clean at all time and free of infection. Suction of mucus stuck in the windpipe may be necessary.
It is also dangerous for water to enter the windpipe and the lungs through the tracheostomy opening.
The tracheostomy opening should always be protected with a a
plastic stoma shield or scarf to prevent dust, water or smoke to
enter the windpipe.

After the surgery there may be loss of voice. 
A speech therapist is usually needed to teach the patient to learn to speak again.
He can teach the patient to use the oesophagus to force air
through the throat to produce new gutterial sounds. 
In the meantime, communication can be done with writing pads or computer.
New electronic and mechanical devices can also produce new
sounds

How can Laryngeal Cancer be prevented?
-----------------------------------------------------------

No one can be fully protected from laryngeal cancer.
However, you can modify your lifestyle practices to reduce your
chances of contracting laryngeal cancer.

Don't smoke. Smoking increases the risk of laryngeal cancer by two to four times. Those who smoke, can still lower their risk by cutting down on the number of cigarettes smoked a day. Better still, quit smoking.

A Simple guide to Tetanus

A Simple guide to Tetanus
------------------------------------


What is Tetanus?
-----------------------


Tetanus is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani which lives in the soil.


How is Tetanus transmitted?
--------------------------------------


Tetanus is transmitted by bacterial spores of the tetanus bacteria entering a wound in the skin of a person such as wounds caused by rusty nails. 


When the spore developed into the tetanus bacteria, it can produce a powerful toxin which can cause the muscles to go into spasm. 


In the jaw the muscle may go into spasm causing a condition called lockjaw.


In more severe cases the respiratory muscles can go into spasm resulting in stoppage of  breathing and therefore loss of oxygen to the brain and heart. 

This usually results in death unless treated.


The infections occur in persons of all ages.


What are the Signs and Symptoms of Tetanus?
----------------------------------------------------------

There is usually a history of a wound, laceration or operation with contamination of soil or rust in nails or surgical instruments.


Symptoms start off with:

1. irritability


2. fever


3. muscle cramps


4. lockjaw


5. difficulty in breathing or swallowing




What are the complications of Tetanus?
---------------------------------------------------


Complications of tetanus occur when the muscle spasm affect the respiratory muscles resulting in inability to breathe.


The loss of oxygen to the heart can cause the heart to stop.


The loss of oxygen to the brain can cause the brain to stop functioning resulting in death.





What are the investigations necessary to diagnose Tetanus?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------


The detection of tetanus bacterium in the wound can confirm tetanus infection.


What is the Treatment of Tetanus?
--------------------------------------------


Isolation in hospital is necessary.


1.Antibiotics (metronidazole) are used in the treatment of Tetanus.


2.Antitoxin can be given by intramuscular injection


3.Intravenous fluids given for dehydration


4.Respirator if breathing stops from spasm of respiratory muscles or vocal muscles


5.Proper wound cleansing is important to remove infections


6.Cardiac failure should be treated






What is the Prevention for Tetanus?
-------------------------------------------------


Vaccination against Tetanus is the best prevention .


Since vaccination began, the worldwide incidence of Tetanus has declined.


Vaccination against Tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus (DPT) is usually given to


a baby at 3 months of age and repeated at 4 and 5 months of age.


There is also a booster vaccination at 18 months.


In adults tetanus vaccines are given in all cases of wounds:


first dose followed by a
second dose 6 weeks later and
third dose  6 months later and
fourth dose 18 months later


Besides the vaccinations there should be proper washing of wounds and avoidance of use of rusty instruments.


What is the prognosis in Tetanus?
-------------------------------------------


Death occurs in 30% of cases.


Mortality is highest in very young children and adults over 50.


Death is usually due to respiratory failure or heart failure.

How do you get the measles? Best Yahoo Answer

How do you get the measles?
---------------------------

Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

You can get measles only if you have never been infected by measles before and if you have not been recently vaccinated against measles. You can get measles from a child or adult who is infected with measles. Measles is still prevalent in undeveloped countries.

Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions- measles

Leg cramps during Humid Hot Days - Best Yahoo Answer

Does hot humid days cause leg cramps?

People seem to not have them on hot dry days.?

At the US Open tennis players drink lots of water and sports drinks and still get cramps on humid days




Best Answer - Chosen by Asker


Hot humid days cause more sweating and therefore loss of salt especially potassium .

The loss of potassium can cause leg cramps.

On hot dry days there is less sweating and therefore less loss of potassium salt, so there is less likely chance of leg cramps.




Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to medical Conditions

Headache after waking up - Best Yahoo answer

Why do i have a headache when i wake up when i go to bed late?

i can go to bed from 3 am- to 6 am- and when i get up it can be like 3 pm and it feels like a hangover or something i got a bashing headache im just wondering why does this happen?




Best Answer - Chosen by Asker


If you sleep late, your brain cells and scalp muscles do not get enough rest.

Your body rhythm is affected by the late sleep.

Your scalp muscles can contract to cause headache.

A hangover effect may occur.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

Throbbing headache with pain in left nostril - Best Yahoo Answer

I have a throbbing headache with a painful cracking sensation in my left nostril?

I have had the headache for two days but the cracking in my nostril only started this morning.

I can hear as well as feel the cracking sensation and it is really painful.

Has anyone got any ideas?




Best Answer - Chosen by Asker


Any infection of the parts of the head such as tooth infection, nose infection or throat infection can cause headache.

A throbbing headache is more typical of migraine which is vascular in origin.

Any nose infection can affect the ear as well.

Sinusitis is possible.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions-Sinusitis,headache

Nausea after a Meal - Best Yahoo Answer

Anyone know what I might have?

I get nausea after I eat a meal.?

Most of the time after I eat a meal I get nausea.

I don't know why.

Does anyone know what it could be or is it nothing.




Best Answer - Chosen by Asker
Nausea may be symptom of gastric problem, gastroesophageal reflux, liver or gallbladder problem or problem of imbalance in the organ of balance in the ear, sometimes due to pregnancy, hangover effect, stress, brain tumor,etc.

It is advisable to see a doctor to determine the cause of the nausea using blood tests, ultrasound ,even a brain scan.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions- vertigo, gastritis,

Hyperextended Knees? -Best Yahoo Answer

Hyperextension Knees?

I'm a 16 year old girl, and i have hyperextension knees since young.

However, I wasnt aware that of the term till yesterday, as in,
I wasnt aware that there was a medical term for my condition.

It doesnt hurt, though it aches once in a while. I'm starting a new sport - hockey now and I am wondering if it is alright to play hockey with hyperextension knees?

Also, as my condition wasnt caused by any injury but was born with it, what should I do to correct it?



Best Answer - Chosen by Voters
Hyper extension knees are related to inherited loose ligaments.

There are people with this condition with hyperextended wrists, flat feet etc.

When the ligaments are overstretched you may have some pain.

People with mild form of this illness can participate in all sports.

In more severe cases wearing a knee guard may help to prevent over extension of the knee.

In more severe cases where dislocation of the kneecap occurs, then an operation may be required to tighten the ligaments.



Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

Screw in Person's Spine - Best Yahoo Answer

If a screw went into a persons spine, is there a way it can come back out, and how?

Additional Details
It is what happened to my mom, however, the doctor told her to stay stone still, which only broke the screw and it went deeper, and now she cant feel her lower body.

This is what happened to my mom and caused her to be paralyzed, however the case isnt that bad, so thats why, and the screw brack into the spine accidently by a doctor.





Best Answer - Chosen by Asker


If a screw went into a person spine by accident, you should see a doctor to see if if can be removed.

Any iron screw lodged in the spine can become rusty and should be removed immediately.

If the screw is long and go further inwards, it may injure the spinal cord or nerve.

This may cause paralysis.

The best way is to see an orthopaedic surgeon to have it removed.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

Prolonged period - Best Yahoo Answer

Long period concern, help?
Right, I started my period last Thursday and so this Thursday - still on - makes it 8 days.

I'm usually 7 days the longest and 5 days the shortest.

I started the birth control pill - my first time ever - on Friday, second day of my period.

My period seemed off on Saturday, then appeared on Sunday stayed till Tuesday, disappeared on Wednesday and then appeared again today.

It's driving me mad. I've even gone to bed with nothing on bottom fine thinking its over - but no.

Is this anything to do with the pill? Or am I just lasting a bit longer than usual?

I've gone on a diet also since Saturday - I'm considering stopping it for now because prolonged period and less calories don't seem like a good combo at the moment.

Please help.





Best Answer - Chosen by Asker


In most women, the first time they use the contraceptive pill, there may be abnormality in the menstrual cycle with spotting or excess bleeding because of the sudden change of female hormones in the body.

Sometimes the dosage of the contraceptive pill may not be suitable for the person.

If you are uncomfortable with the contraceptive pill, it is best to stop it.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions


Asker's Rating:
4 out of 5
Asker's Comment:
Thanks. It stopped finally and I checked with my GP just in case. Every things okay thankfully.

What to do for swollen eyelid? Best Yahoo Answer

Swollen eyelid !!?
today at soccer training i got hit with a ball in the eye and now my eyelid is swollen what do i do??

when will it go away??





Best Answer - Chosen by Voters


when your eye is hit by a ball, the eyelids and the tissues around the eye are injured resulting damage to walls of the cells releasing the fluid from the cells.
This will cause swelling in the tissues surrounding the eye.

If a blood vessel is damaged blood may exude from the blood vessel causing a blood clot and swelling.

You can put a cold compress on the eye which should shrink the blood vessel and reduce the swelling.

In most cases swelling of the tissues of the eye will subside within 5 days.

Blood clots may take longer to subside.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

Washing Hair after removing staples in my scalp -Best Yahoo Answer

1.
Got staples in my scalp Sun Afternoon.

How soon can I wash my hair?




Best Answer - Chosen by Voters


After removing the staples, you should wash your hair and scalp. Clean the scalp, wash with mild soap or shampoo, dry thoroughly and apply some antiseptic or antibiotic cream.

If the staples are rusty , you should have an tetanus toxoid shot.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

Side/Back Pain - Best Yahoo Answer

Side/back pain?
I have been having an achy pain on my left side/back & it's not all over,
it's just in a strip starting under my ribs extending down to my hip.

Also, both hips have been achy on outside of my pelvic area, although it's not in the joint.

Does anyone have any idea what could be wrong?




Best Answer - Chosen by Voters


You probably have an overstretched back muscle which can extend obliquely down to the top of the pelvic bone.

Aches on both hips may due to the muscular pain.

If you have a severe pain starting from the upper back (lower ribs) which goes down to your pelvis and have urinary difficulty, it may be caused by a stone blocking the tube leading from the kidney to the bladder.

Sometimes if there are blisters appearing on the back down the side, it could be shingles.

In your case, most likely it is muscular pain.


Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

Best Yahoo Answer to medical question about Sinusitis:

Answer to medical question about Sinusitis:
-------------------------------------------


I have a sinus infection and not I'm coughing up GREEN?
I've had a sinus infection for a week, been on meds for 2 days, now I'm coughing up green stuff. My chest hurts, and my throat is swollen. What can I do to feel better?



Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

If you have a confirmed sinus infection, the green stuff that you are coughing up is probably from the sinuses.

Any infection of the nose or sinuses can cause your throat to feel swollen and your chest to feel congested and painful.

You can try steam inhalation to loosen the green mucous stuck in your sinuses or see your doctor for a sinus washout.

Sometimes antibiotics are needed for a bacterial infection of the sinuses. With treatment you should feel within a few days.

Source(s):
http://kennethkee.blogspot.com
A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions

A Simple Guide to Vitiligo

A Simple Guide to Vitiligo
-----------------------------------

What is Vitiligo?
---------------------------

Vitiligo is a skin disorder which presents as white spots or patches on the skin.
It is not contagious.


What are the causes of Vitiligo?
----------------------------------------

The cause of Vitiligo is not known.
However many people with Vitiligo may have associated auto immune disease including thyroid disease and pernicous
anemia.
Autoimmune conditions are conditions where the body's own cells attack its cells (in this case the skin cells)
There is a progressive loss of the pigment melanin which gives us our skin color.
The loss of pigment occurs when the pigment cells (melanocytes) are destroyed and melanin cannot be produced.

What are Signs and symptoms of Vitiligo?
---------------------------------------------

white spots or patches on the skin

Common sites affected by Vitilgo are:

1.Bony surfaces - back of hands and fingers,elbows and knees

2.Body orifices - around the eyes, mouth and nose

3.Body folds - armpits and groins

Vitiligo may also occurs over an area of injury such as a cut or burn.

The hair in the vitilgo patch may be white in color.


How is the diagnosis of Vitiligo made?
------------------------------------------

1.typical white patches or spots

2.skin biopsy for microscopic examination.


What is the treatment of Vitiligo?
------------------------------------

There are different treatments for Vitiligo:

1.Corticosteroid creams
---------------------------
Corticosteroid creams are effective against small patches or spot of vitilgo but there may be side effects such as skin thinning.

2.Topical Immunodulators
----------------------------------------
Tacrolimus or pimecrolimus are topical immunodulators which work by:

1.modulating the immune attack against the melanocytes on the skin and
2.stimulating the functions of the melanocytes

3. UltraViolet Light Treatments
a.Psoralen photochemotherapy(PUVA)
PUVA is a combination treatment involving
1.the use of the drug Psoralen(P)
2.and then exposing the skin to UltraViolet A light(UVA)
hence the term PUVA.
Psoralen makes the skin temporarily sensitive to UVA which is part of natural sunlight.
Psoralen can be applied to the skin as a solution or ingested orally with subsequent exposure to ultraviolet light A.
Patient treated with PUVA may need to undergo treatment for 1 year for satisfactory results.
Use of PUVA may result in sunburn and blister fromation.

b.Narrowband UVB
Narrowband UltraViolet light B treatment does not require Psoralen tablets before treatment.
In fact this treatment is safer and as effective if not better than PUVA. Again treatment may require 1 year before satisfactory results.

c.Focused Multiple Wavelength UltraViolet Therapy(Multiclear)
This is a form of targeted light therapy as only the vitiligo areas are treated.
It is useful for small localised lesions.

d.Excimer Laser
This laser emits a certain UVB wavelength but is more costly than Multiclear Light therapy.

4.Surgery
Surgical transplants are meant for patients with stable vitligo that fail to respond to topical or phototherapy.
Stable vitiligo means no new lesions or progressive lesions for 12 to 24 months.
Surgery involve tissue and cellular grafting.

5.Camuoflage Cosmetics.
Cover up camouflage provides good color and camouflage of vitiligo lesions.
They are particularly useful for white patches on the face ansd back of the hands.

6.Sunscreens
Areas of vitiligo exposed to the sun are very prone to sunburn as they lack protective pigments.
Patients should always use broad spectrum sunsceens to protected the affected vitiligo areas.



What is the prognosis of Vitiligo ?
------------------------------------------

Generally fair.
Treatment takes time and patience.


What are the Preventive measures taken for Vitiligo ?
--------------------------------------------------------

1.Sunscreens

2.Proper skin care

A Simple Guide to Salivary Gland Cancer

A Simple Guide to Salivary Gland Cancer
----------------------------------------

What is Salivary Gland Cancer?
------------------------------

Salivary Gland Cancer is a malignant disease of the Salivary glands.

Cancers affecting the salivary glands are rare.

They can occur at any age, but are more common in people over 50.

What are the causes of Salivary Gland Cancer?
--------------------------------------------------------

The cause of the cancer is unknown.

Malignant tumours of the salivary glands are rare but there are benign or non-malignant tumours of the salivary glands which are more common.

Cancer of the salivary glands cannot be transmitted to another person through the saliva.

There is no inherited gene and the cancer do not run in families.

What are the symptoms and signs of Salivary Gland Cancer?
----------------------------------------------------------

Symptoms - non-specific and silent.

In the early stage there is no symptoms.

By the the time the symptoms appeared, the cancer may be in the advanced stage.

1.swelling on one side of the face either in front of the ear or under the jaw.

2.numbness and drooping of one side of the face (facial palsy).

3.weight loss

Signs:

palpable mass under the jaw

How do you diagnose Salivary Gland Cancer?
----------------------------------------------

1. full medical history and physical examination

2. blood tests for general screeing including tumor markers

Definite diagnosis requre the following tests:

3.X-rays to show the size and position of the cancer and possible spread.

4.CAT (computerised tomography) scan of the skull and neck to detect the enlarged salivary tumors

5.MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan of the skull and neck to detect the enlarged salivary tumors

6.Biopsy of the affected salivary gland for examination under a microscope through a needle or surgical removal.

Salivary Gland Biopsy
-----------------------------
Biopsy of Salivary tumor may be done to determine stage of Salivary cancer:

Stage 1 :
1.Size is < 2cm

2.no spread

Stage 2
1. Size is between 2 and 4cm

2.No spread.

Stage 3
1.Size > 4cm in size

2.There may be spread into nearby soft tissue.

Stage 4a
1.Size can be any size > 4cm

2.spread to the skin, jaw-bone, ear-canal or facial nerves.

Stage 4b
1.Size can be any size > 4cm

2.spread to other nearby bones, the base of the skull or the carotid artery.

Lymph nodes spread
-------------------
Stage 0
1. None of the lymph nodes are affected.

Stage1.
1.spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the tumour.

2.Size of affected node <3cm

Stage 2a
1.spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the tumour.

2.Size of the node is between 3-6cm

Stage 2b
1.spread to >one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the tumour.

2.Size < 6cm in size.

Stage 2c
1.spread to one or more lymph nodes on both sides of the neck.

2.Size < 6cm in size.

Stage3
1.Size of lymph nodes > 6cm in size.

Metastases Stages
---------------------
Stage 0
No spread to other parts of the body.

Stage 1
spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs.

What is the treatment of Salivary Gland Cancer?
------------------------------------------------

Treatment of Salivary cancer can be
1.surgery
2.chemotherapy
3.radiotherapy

The type of treatment given depend on
1.the position of the cancer,
2.the exact type of cancer,
3.the general health of the patient.

Surgery
Surgery is done to remove the salivary gland tumor.

If necessary, surgery is also done to remove any affected lymph nodes in the neck.

Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy can be used to treat salivary gland cancers.

Radiotherapy can be used in conjunction with surgery especially where there is spread to lymph nodes and other parts of the body.

Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involve the use of anti-cancer drugs to destroy the cancer cells.

It is however not very effective in treating salivary gland cancers and is used only more for the cancer which has spread to the lungs, bones and other parts of the body.

What is the Prognosis of Salivary Gland cancer?
-------------------------------------------------

The prognosis of Salivary cancer is usually fair

1.because the cancer usually causes no early symptoms resulting in advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.

2.Survival rates are best in the slow growing tumors.

How to prevent Salivary Gland cancer?
------------------------------------

There is no way to prevent salivary gland cancer but proper mouth hygience may hlp to prevent infections and chemicals in the mouth from causing mutations in the salivary gland cells.

Smoking should be avoided if possible.

A Simple Guide to Atopic Dermatitis

A Simple Guide to Atopic Dermatitis
----------------------------------------

What is Atopic Dermatitis?
-------------------------------------

Atopic Dermatitis is a common skin condition which presents as a chronic, relapsing, and very itchy rash at some point during childhood.

Atopic Dermatitis clears and often disappears with age.

What causes Atopic Dermatitis?
-------------------------------------

The causes of Atopic Dermatitis is unknown.
However some possible causes are:
1.Genetic

Genes play a part in Atopic Dermatitis as the condition runs in families

2.External causes

a.abnormal response of the body’s immune system play a part in the development of Atopic Dermatitis.

b.damage to the skin barrier may lead to dryness and inflammation of the skin

c.irritating substances overacts, causing itching and scratching.

Atopic Dermatitis is not contagious .

Who is at risk of Atopic Dermatitis?
------------------------------------------

Atopic Dermatitis occurs in both children and adults, but usually appears during infancy.

1.Those who are genetically predisposed

2.Those exposed to environmental triggers

a.rough or coarse materials coming into contact with the skin causes itchiness.

b.feeling too hot and/or sweating will cause an outbreak.

c.certain soaps, detergents, disinfectants,

d.contact with juices from fresh fruits and meats,

e.food allergens in childhood such as cow's milk, hen's egg,peanuts, nuts, shellfish

f.dust mites,

g.animal saliva and faeces may trigger itching.

h.Upper respiratory infections (caused by viruses) may also be triggers.

i.Stress can also sometimes aggravate an existing flare-up.

Many people who have Atopic Dermatitis also suffer from Atopic rhinitis and asthma, or have family members who do.

Atopic Dermatitis affects both sexes equally.

Where does Atopic Dermatitis appear?
------------------------------------------

Atopic Dermatitis can occur on just about any part of the body

In infants, Atopic Dermatitis typically occurs on the forehead, cheeks, forearms, legs, scalp, and neck.

In children and adults, Atopic Dermatitis typically occurs on the face, neck, and the insides of the elbows, knees, and ankles.

In some people, Atopic Dermatitis may "bubble up" and ooze.

In others, the condition may appear more scaly, dry, and red.

Chronic scratching usually make the skin worse taking on a leathery texture because the skin thickens (lichenification).

What are the symptoms and signs of Atopic Dermatitis?
-----------------------------------------------------------

Typical features of Atopic Dermatitis are:

1.dry,

2.red,

3.extremely itchy patches on the skin.

4.Oozing of the rash

5.Thickening of the skin

How is Atopic Dermatitis diagnosed?
-------------------------------------------

1.History and appearance of the rash

2.Screening test for food allergy

3.Blood test for specific antibodies to food substances

How can Atopic Dermatitis be treated?
------------------------------------------

Treatment of an Atopic Dermatitis treatment routine is:

1. prevent scratching.

2. application of lotions or creams to keep the skin as moist as possible after bathing (within three minutes is a common recommendation) so that the moisture from the bath is "locked in."

3.Cold compresses applied directly to itchy skin can also help relieve itching.

4.application of nonprescription corticosteroid creams and ointments to reduce inflammation
if the condition persists, worsens, or does not improve satisfactorily.

Hydrocortisone cream and ointment are preferred to prevent side effects such as skin thinning.

5.For severe flare-ups, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids (this treatment is not recommended for long-term use).

6.topical or oral antibiotics may be needed for the skin infection which may affect the dry inflamed skin.

7.sedative antihistamines are sometimes used to reduce the itch

8.Tar treatments can have positive effects; however, tar can be messy.

9.Phototherapy requires special equipment (lights).

10.cyclosporine A, which modifies immune response; however, this is used only in extreme cases because of its association with serious side effects.

How can Atopic Dermatitis be prevented?
---------------------------------------------

Atopic Dermatitis outbreaks can usually be avoided with some simple precautions.

The following suggestions may help to reduce the severity and frequency of flare-ups:

Moisturize frequently

Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity

Avoid sweating or overheating

Dress the child in breathable cotton clothes

Reduce stress

Avoid scratchy materials (e.g., wool or other irritants)

Avoid harsh soaps, detergents, and solvents

Avoid environmental factors that trigger allergies (e.g., pollens, molds, mites, and animal dander)

Be aware of any foods that may cause an outbreak and avoid those foods

A Simple Guide to Heat Stroke

A Simple Guide to Heat Stroke
----------------------------------------------

What is Heat Stroke?
------------------------------------

Heat Stroke is a disturbance of the heat regulating mechanism of the body which can result in hyperpyrexia (high body temperature), syncope (fainting), convulsions (fits), coma and sometimes death


Who is at risk of Heat Stroke?
----------------------------------------------

1.people staying in hot dry climates (eg. desert)

2.People training under hot temperature (eg. soldiers)

3.During heat waves.


What are the causes of Heat Stroke?
--------------------------------------------------

Most forms of Heat Stroke are due to

genetic conditions:
------------------------

1.Icthyosis

Acquired Heat Stroke
----------------------

1.Body's inability to dissipate body heat

2.Strenuous exercise without sufficient hydration

3.Prolonged exposure to high temperatures especially sunshine especially in desert and heat waves

4.Dehydration and inability to sweat.

5.Medications:
anticholinergics
antidepressants
MAO inhibitors


What are Signs and symptoms of Heat Stroke?
---------------------------------------------

Onset is usually sudden.

Symptoms:

1.feeling of weakness

2.dizziness and nausea

3.headache

4.chest discomfort

5.flushing of face and body

Signs:

1.Fever

2.Flushed skin

3.Muscle twitching

4.cramps

5.tachycardia, raised blood pressure

6.Dilated pupils

7.reduced reflexes

8.Seizures and coma

9.Hyperventilation

10.Cardiac failure


How is the diagnosis of Heat Stroke made?
--------------------------------------------------------

1.History of exposure to high temperature

2.Body temperature

3.Blood electrolytes and acid base


What are the complications of Heat Stroke?
-----------------------------------------------

1.Brain damage

2.Heart damage

3.Kidney damage


What is the treatment of Heat Stroke?
------------------------------------

Heat Stroke is a life threatening emergency.

1.Reduce temperature with ice packs or ice baths

2.Alcohol sponging if ice not available

3.Cooler packs if available

4.Intravenous fluids to correct dehydration and electrolytes

5.Oral fluids and isotonic drinks.

6.Anticonvulsant to prevent seizure or fits

7.Remove drugs which can cause dehydration such as anticholinergics and antidepressants.


What is the prognosis of Heat Stroke ?
------------------------------------------

Prognosis is poor if treatment is delayed.

Treat the condition urgently as it is a life threatening emergency.

What are the Preventive measures taken for Heat Stroke ?
--------------------------------------------------------

Prevention is by

1.frequent drinking of water and

2.avoiding extreme hot temperature.

A Simple Guide to Kidney Cancer

A Simple Guide to Kidney Cancer
----------------------------------------

What is Kidney Cancer?
------------------------------

Kidney Cancer is a malignant disease of the kidney.

What are the causes of Kidney Cancer?
-----------------------------------------

1.Hereditary- hereditary kidney cancer is related to the Von Lindau syndrome.

2.Smoking. cigarettes smoke chemicals has been known to damage the Kidney cells

3.Uncontrolled hypertension-damage to kidney cells may contribute to Kidney cancer

4.Obesity has been found to have some causal effect

5.Age - more common in in 50-70 age group

6.Long term dialysis for kidney failure.

What are the symptoms and signs of Kidney Cancer?
-------------------------------------------------------

Symptoms - non-specific and silent.

In the early stage there is no symptoms.

By the the time the symptoms appeared, the cancer is usually in the advanced stage.

1.painless hematuria or blood in urine

2.pain in the renal flanks

3.Fever

4.weight loss

Signs:

1.tenderness in renal area of backs

2.palpable mass in the side of abdomen

How do you diagnose Kidney Cancer?
----------------------------------------------

Diagnosis can usually be made by :

History
-----------

1.hematuria

2.Renal flank pain

3.Weight loss

Liver function tests
---------------------

may show a combination of results indicative of bile duct obstruction (raised conjugated bilirubin, SGGT and alkaline phosphatase levels) in the absence of liver disease.

Ultrasound or abdominal CT
------------------------------

may be used to identify tumors.

Kidney Biopsy
---------------
biopsy of kidney may be done to determine types of Kidney cancer:

Clear Cell Type: 75%
Papillary type: 20%
Chromophole type: 4%
Others: 1%

What is the treatment of Kidney Cancer?
------------------------------------------------

Treatment of Kidney cancer can be
surgery
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
immunotherapy
biological targeted therapy
depending on the stage of the cancer.

Surgery
--------------

If the cancer is localized within the kidney , then it is surgically resectable and curable.

No treatment after surgery has been proven to prevent recurrence.

Depending on the size of the cancer, the recurrence rate varies from
10% in Stage I
60% in Stage III

Once recurrence occur then the cancer is considered as a Stage IV cancer and therefore incurable.

The aim of treatment then is palliative with emphasis to improve overall survival rates and quality of life.

Immunotherapy
-----------------

High dose immunotherapy such as interleukin may be able to cure less than 5% of the kidney cancer patients.

It is however toxic and potentially life threatening and is used for patients not suitable for surgery.

Low dose immunotherapy such as interferon is better in that it can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life for an average of 3-6 month in 15% of cases treated.

Despite its low dose the side effects can also affects the treatment of the patients such as fever, chills and loss of appetite.

Biological targeted therapy
-------------------------------------

These drugs target the growth of the cancer cells by suppressing the cellular pathways which stimulates the growth of the abnormal tumor blood vessels and the tumor cells .

These treatments have been proven to better in terms of better response and length of the disease control compared to interferon and interleukin.

There has also being an improved overall survival rate with a reduced risk of death by 28%.

Side effects are hypertension, ischemia of heart, fatigue, loss of appetite, diarrhea and loss of weight.

The approved drugs are sorafenib, sumitinib and tensirolimus.

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy
-----------------------------

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been found to be ineffective for renal cancer treatment.

What is the Prognosis of Kidney cancer?
-------------------------------------------------

The prognosis of Kidney cancer is poor

1.because the cancer usually causes no early symptoms resulting in advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.

2.Median survival from diagnosis is around 1 year

3.5-year survival is lower than 5%.

4.Kidney cancer has one of the highest mortality of all the cancers.

How to prevent Kidney cancer?
------------------------------------

Avoid smoking

Reduce weight in obese patients

Control high blood pressure to prevent damage to the kidney

Avoid taking toxic substances which may damage or injure the cells of the kidney.

A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion

A Simple Guide to Pleural effusion
-------------------------------------

What is Pleural effusion?
----------------------------

Pleural effusion is excess fluid collection in the pleural space between the parietal and visceral layers of the pleural cavity.

Excessive fluid can limit the expansion of the lungs and cause breathing difficulty.

What the types of Pleural effusions and their causes?
------------------------------------------------------------------

There are 4 types of pleural effusion which can occur in the pleural space:

1.Serous fluid (hydrothorax)

This is essentially passive collection of extracellular fluid with a specific gravity of <1.015 and protein < 2-3g/dl.

It is translucent in color.

It occur as part of :
a.generalized edema

b.left heart failure

c.liver cirrhosis giving rise to hydrothorax

2.Pus (pyothorax or empyema)

This consists of inflammatory or neoplastic fluid with high protein content.

It is usually yellow or orange in color.

There may be cells or pus or bacteria.

Causes include:
a.bacterial and viral infections such as pneumonia

b.tuberculosis

c.intra-abdominal abscess

d.autoimmune diseases like SLE, rheumatoid arthritis

e.neoplasm(cancer of the lung)

3.Blood (hemothorax)

The exudate is typically blood stained.

Causes are:
a.pulmonary embolism and infarction

b.neoplasm especially with secondaries to lungs

4.Chyle (chylothorax)

Here the exudate arise from the leakage of thoracic duct.

It is milky in appearance.

Causes are:
a.Trauma including chest and heart surgery

b.filariasis in the tropics

What are the symptoms and signs of Pleural effusion?
-----------------------------------------------------------

Symptoms:
-----------

1.Breathless

2.Side Chest pain

3.dry cough

Signs:
----------

1.Dullness to percussion

2.Faint or absent breath sounds

3.Decreased movement of the chest

4.Decreased vocal resonance

5.Fremitus

6.pleural friction rub

How do you made a Diagnosis of Pleural effusion?
----------------------------------------------------

Pleural effusion is usually diagnosed on:
1.medical history and physical exam,

2.chest x-ray.
Chest films with the patient lying on their side are more accurate and can show fluid level as low as 50 ml of fluid.

Upright chest films can show fluid level of at least 300ml of pleural effusion

In large effusion there may be tracheal deviation away from the effusion.

3.CT scan of chest showing left sided pleural effusion.

Effusion fluid often settles at the lowest space due to gravity;

4.Pleural tap or thoracentesis.

A needle is inserted through the back of the chest wall in sixth, seventh or eight intercostal space in midaxillary line, into the pleural space.
The fluid may then be evaluated for the following:

Chemical composition including
protein,
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),
albumin,
amylase,
pH and
glucose

Gram stain and culture to identify possible bacterial infections

Cell count and differential white cell count

Cytology to identify cancer cells

Cytology to identify some infective organisms

Other tests :
lipids,
fungal culture,
viral culture,
specific immunoglobulins

5.Thoracoscopy
If cytology does not show cancer but cancer is still suspected, then a thoracoscopy, or needle biopsy of the pleura may be done to exclude cancer.

What is the Treatment of Pleural Effusion?
------------------------------------------

1.Pleural Aspiration is done for relief of chest discomfortand breathlessness.

The Chest Drainage Device is usually connected to an underwater seal below the level of the chest.

Air or pleural fluid is allowed to escape from the pleural space but nothing is allowed to return to the pleural cavity.

Larger effusions may need insertion of an intercostal drain .

2.Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the pleural effusion.

a.Therapeutic aspiration may be sufficient in some cases of trauma and leakage.

b.Installation of antibiotics( eg.bleomycin, tetracycline/doxycycline) in pleural cavity

c.Installation of chemotherapy drugs for cancer into the pleural cavity.

d.treatment of filariasis cases with anti-parasitic drugs

e.surgical pleurodesis- here the parietal and visceral pleural surfaces are made to adhere to each other to prevent accumulation of fluid.

What is the Prognosis of Pleural Effusion?
------------------------------------------

Recovery of patient from the pleural effusion after appropriate treatment of the underlying disease is the rule.

Recurrence from returning cancer or infections may be common.

A Simple Guide to Fibromyalgia II

A Simple Guide to Fibromyalgia II
----------------------------------

What are the investigations needed in assessment of Fibromyalgia?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

These criteria for diagnosis of Fibromyalgia:

1.history of widespread pain lasting more than three months-affecting all four quadrants of the body, i.e., both sides, and above and below the waist.

2.Tender points-there are 18 designated tender or trigger points
During diagnosis, four kilograms-force is exerted at each of the 18 points
The patient must feel pain at 11 or more of these points for fibromyalgia to be diagnosed.

3.fibromyalgia patients show sensitivity to pressure, heat, cold, electrical and chemical stimulation.

4.hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system
lower heart rate variability,
sympathetic hyperactivity,

5.laboratory blood testing appears normal

6.Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities
cerebrospinal fluid levels of substance P, a putative nociceptive neurotransmitter, is raised.
Metabolites for monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are lower,
Nerve growth factor, a substance known to participate in structural and functional plasticity of nociceptive pathways within the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord, is higher
Excitatory amino acid release within cerebrospinal fluid is higher

7.Brain imaging studies
Abnormal brain involvement in fibromyalgia has been provided via functional neuroimaging
decreased blood flow within the thalamus and elements of the basal ganglia and mid-brain.
Hippocampal disruption is shown by reduced brain metabolite ratios
Normal age-related brain atrophy occur with areas of reduced gray matter located in the cingulate cortex, insula and parahippocampal gyrus.
Dopamine synthesis in the brainstem is reduced.

What is the treatment for Fibromyalgia?
-------------------------------------------

There is no cure for fibromyalgia,

B.Medical treatment:
-------------------------

1.corticosteroid seems to help especially to those with adrenal dysfunction and low blood pressure.
Injection of steroids with local anethestics at trigger points or nodules can help relieve pain.

2.Analgesics are able to relieve pain:
a.NSAID medications
b.COX-2 inhibitors,
c.tramadol

3.Muscle relaxants
Muscle relaxants, such as cyclobenzaprine or tizanidine to treat the muscle pain associated with the disorder.

4.Tricyclic antidepressants
Low doses of sedating antidepressants (e.g. amitriptyline and trazodone) help to reduce the sleep disturbances associated with fibromyalgia
Amitriptyline is often favoured as it can also have the effect of providing relief from neuralgenic or neuropathic pain.

5.Anti-seizure medication
Anti-seizure drugs are also sometimes used, such as gabapentin and pregabalin
Pregabalin, originally used for the nerve pain suffered by diabetics, has been approved for treatment of fibromyalgia.

6.Dopamine agonists
Dopamine agonists (e.g. pramipexole (Mirapex) and ropinirole(ReQuip)) have been studied for use in the treatment of fibromyalgia with good results

7.Combination therapy
A combination of amitriptyline and fluoxetine appeared to be more effective in relieving pain.

8.Central nervous system stimulants
Cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia may be treated with low doses of central nervous system (CNS) stimulants such as modafinil, adderall or methylphenidate.
Stimulants may be habit forming and can have other serious side effects

9. Cannabis and cannabinoids
Cannabis is used therapeutically to treat symptoms of the disorder.
Cannabinoid agonists can also help in the treatment of chronic pain conditions


B.Non-drug treatment
------------------------
1. regular floatation tank sessions substantially improves sleep patterns leaving users more optimistic and with reduced nervousness, tension and pain.

Relaxing in a weightless state in the silent warmth of a floatation tank activates the body's own system for recuperation and healing

2..Whirlpool therapy is very beneficial.

C.Psychological therapies
------------------------------
1.Cognitive behavioral therapy has help to improve quality of life

2.Neurofeedback has also shown to provide temporary and long-term relief

3.Biofeedback and self-management techniques such as pacing and stress management can help ,

D. Healthy lifestyle
--------------------------
1. Stop smoking in smokers.

2. Reduce weight in the obese

3. Exercise to improve blood flow can improve symptoms(sleep , pain and fatigue)

4..heat to painful areas.

5. physical therapy, massage, or acupuncture

6. reduce intake of monosodium glutamate

E Surgical treatment:
---------------------------
Surgery is only indicated in severe cases with limb-threatening ischemia or lifestyle-limiting claudication.

F.Investigational treatments
------------------------------
a.Milnacipran, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) has help patients in Europe.

b.Dextromethorphan is an over-the-counter cough medicine with activity as an NMDA receptor antagonist.

What is the prognosis for Fibromyalgia?
------------------------------------------------------

Fibromyalgia is not degenerative or fatal,

the chronic pain associated with fibromyalgia is pervasive and persistent.

Fibromyalgia can severely curtail social activity and recreation,

Some with fibromyalgia are unable to maintain full-time employment.

It rarely affects activities of daily living.


How can Fibromyalgia be prevented?
-----------------------------------------------------

1.Stop smoking

2.Reduce weight

3.Exercise

4.Avoid monosodium glutamate in diet

5.Avoid stress and depression

6.Live a healthy lifestyle