DOC I HAVE VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY
Vitamin K Deficiency is a medical condition caused by the deficiency of the human body of Vitamin K as a result of inadequate dietary intake or impaired absorption.
Vitamin K is present in all living human tissues as an important cofactor in the synthesis of prothrombin and clotting factors VII, IX, and X(the Vitamin K dependant clotting factors) in the liver.
There are 3 types of Vitamin K:
1.Vitamin K1- Phytomenadione
2.Vitamin K2- Menaquinone
3.Vitamin K3- Menadione
They help in forming the clotting factors in the liver.
Vitamin K is found primarily in
1.animal sources - liver.
2.vegetable sources: Vitamin K is found in fresh green and yellow vegetables, fruits and potatoes.
Optimal requirements of Vitamin K are:
1.adults and children above puberty: 20 mg to 50 mg daily
Pregnant mother and elderly may need double the amount.
2.Infants and children before puberty: 10 mg to 20 mg daily
Functions of Vitamin K:
1.Vitamin K together is essential for the formation and maintenance of prothrombin and clotting factors in the liver.
2.Vitamin K is synthesized in the intestine of the human host by intestinal bacteria.
Causes of Vitamin K Deficiency:
Vitamin K Deficiency occurs
1.when there is Vitamin K deficiencies due to
a.diet - lactating mothers should take more Vitamin K
b.malabsorption as in celiac syndrome, sprue or hepatitic cirrhosis
c.Inadequate absorption resulting from abnormal intestinal bacterial flora (in hemorrhagic disease of newborns or after some antibiotics)
2.Severity of Vitamin K deficiency is inversely related to age.
It is more common in elderly people.
Symptoms of Vitamin K Deficiency:
1.Vitamin K Deficiency is a silent disease.
People with Vitamin K Deficiency often do not know that they have the condition.
2.Hemorrhagic tendercies and hemorrhages in many organ such as brain, muscles and intestines.
3.Body function-weakness and fatique
4.Mental-Brain dysfunction may occur in children with Vitamin K deficiciency because of bleeding.
Diagnosis of Vitamin K Deficiency:
1.Blood Vitamin K levels are low
Treatment of Vitamin K Deficiency:
The goal of Vitamin K Deficiency treatment is the prevention of increased fragility of red blood cells and low Vitamin K.
Therefore, prevention of Vitamin K Deficiency is as important as treatment. Vitamin K Deficiency treatment and prevention measures are:
Medications:
Vitamin K supplements
1.Vitamin K is given at 10 mg to 50 mg per day orally in mild bleeding until the response is adequate.
2.Vitamin K 10mg to 20 mg is also given intramuscularly or intravenously in slow or moderate bleeding
3.Vitamin K 25 mg to 50 mg intramuscularly or intravenously in cirrhotic patients with severe gastrointestinal bleeding
4.1mg of Vitamin K is given to newborns as a single dose intramuscularly or subcutaneously as prevention from bleeding.
5.Vitamin K is also used for reversal of bleeding due to coumarin or inandione anticoagulant overdosage.
6.Vitamin K is also given in hypoprothrombinemia in liver disease or intestinal malabsorption,antibiotic treatment, salicylates
Side effects are:
1.Vitamin K may cause hemolytic anemia and kernictus in infants.
Prognosis of Vitamin K Deficiency:
1.good response to treatment in Vitamin K deficiciency.
2.treat underlying cause such as malabsorption to get a good response in the treatment of Vitamin K Deficiency.
Prevention of Vitamin K Deficiency:
take more liver,diary products,potatoes and vegetables.
Vitamin K Deficiency is a medical condition caused by the deficiency of the human body of Vitamin K as a result of inadequate dietary intake or impaired absorption.
Vitamin K is present in all living human tissues as an important cofactor in the synthesis of prothrombin and clotting factors VII, IX, and X(the Vitamin K dependant clotting factors) in the liver.
There are 3 types of Vitamin K:
1.Vitamin K1- Phytomenadione
2.Vitamin K2- Menaquinone
3.Vitamin K3- Menadione
They help in forming the clotting factors in the liver.
Vitamin K is found primarily in
1.animal sources - liver.
2.vegetable sources: Vitamin K is found in fresh green and yellow vegetables, fruits and potatoes.
Optimal requirements of Vitamin K are:
1.adults and children above puberty: 20 mg to 50 mg daily
Pregnant mother and elderly may need double the amount.
2.Infants and children before puberty: 10 mg to 20 mg daily
Functions of Vitamin K:
1.Vitamin K together is essential for the formation and maintenance of prothrombin and clotting factors in the liver.
2.Vitamin K is synthesized in the intestine of the human host by intestinal bacteria.
Causes of Vitamin K Deficiency:
Vitamin K Deficiency occurs
1.when there is Vitamin K deficiencies due to
a.diet - lactating mothers should take more Vitamin K
b.malabsorption as in celiac syndrome, sprue or hepatitic cirrhosis
c.Inadequate absorption resulting from abnormal intestinal bacterial flora (in hemorrhagic disease of newborns or after some antibiotics)
2.Severity of Vitamin K deficiency is inversely related to age.
It is more common in elderly people.
Symptoms of Vitamin K Deficiency:
1.Vitamin K Deficiency is a silent disease.
People with Vitamin K Deficiency often do not know that they have the condition.
2.Hemorrhagic tendercies and hemorrhages in many organ such as brain, muscles and intestines.
3.Body function-weakness and fatique
4.Mental-Brain dysfunction may occur in children with Vitamin K deficiciency because of bleeding.
Diagnosis of Vitamin K Deficiency:
1.Blood Vitamin K levels are low
Treatment of Vitamin K Deficiency:
The goal of Vitamin K Deficiency treatment is the prevention of increased fragility of red blood cells and low Vitamin K.
Therefore, prevention of Vitamin K Deficiency is as important as treatment. Vitamin K Deficiency treatment and prevention measures are:
Medications:
Vitamin K supplements
1.Vitamin K is given at 10 mg to 50 mg per day orally in mild bleeding until the response is adequate.
2.Vitamin K 10mg to 20 mg is also given intramuscularly or intravenously in slow or moderate bleeding
3.Vitamin K 25 mg to 50 mg intramuscularly or intravenously in cirrhotic patients with severe gastrointestinal bleeding
4.1mg of Vitamin K is given to newborns as a single dose intramuscularly or subcutaneously as prevention from bleeding.
5.Vitamin K is also used for reversal of bleeding due to coumarin or inandione anticoagulant overdosage.
6.Vitamin K is also given in hypoprothrombinemia in liver disease or intestinal malabsorption,antibiotic treatment, salicylates
Side effects are:
1.Vitamin K may cause hemolytic anemia and kernictus in infants.
Prognosis of Vitamin K Deficiency:
1.good response to treatment in Vitamin K deficiciency.
2.treat underlying cause such as malabsorption to get a good response in the treatment of Vitamin K Deficiency.
Prevention of Vitamin K Deficiency:
take more liver,diary products,potatoes and vegetables.
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